• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a new generation flexible photovoltaic film with high efficiency. The flexible photovoltaic film results from the combination of an ultra-thin and very flexible photovoltaic film with a very thin prismatic film, anti-reflective, absorbing the energy of the solar radiation and straightening the angle of the solar rays. The method of the invention allows encapsulation of the photovoltaic modules and the prismatic film by an assembly of flexible polymeric thermoplastic thin films and a thermofusion without resin under vacuum.
    公开号:FR3016734A1
    申请号:FR1400114
    申请日:2014-01-21
    公开日:2015-07-24
    发明作者:Alain Janet
    申请人:Alain Janet；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention is in the field of photovoltaic films and in particular relates to a high yield photovoltaic flexible film, a process for obtaining such a film. and its use in various devices.
    [0002] State of the art The current environmental and economic stakes such as the increase in energy prices, the scarcity of hydrocarbon resources, the impact on global warming of CO2 emissions, or the concerns related to energy independence, reinforce the current interest for renewable energies such as wind energy or photovoltaics that can contribute to the energy mix and economic development.
    [0003] Solar photovoltaic technologies that convert solar energy into electricity by exploiting the photovoltaic effect is a path of interest for an energy transition. However, the cost of photovoltaic cells is still too high and their yields are still too low to constitute a massively adopted solution for various applications with regard to the electricity produced centrally by conventional channels such as nuclear power, thermal power or electricity. 'hydraulic.
    [0004] There is then the need for a solution with increased photovoltaic efficiency to meet multiple applications both industrial and individual. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a new generation flexible photovoltaic film with high efficiency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining a high efficiency photovoltaic flexible film. Advantageously, the implementation of the photovoltaic flexible film 15 of the present invention does not require a heavy and expensive support thus allowing an overall reduction of the costs of use. According to one embodiment, the method of the invention makes it possible to combine flexible photovoltaic films with prismatic films 20 which correct the angle of the solar rays to obtain flexible and light photovoltaic films of high efficiency. Advantageously, thanks to its light weight and easy handling, the photovoltaic flexible film of the present invention can be used with roof-type load-bearing structures that can not withstand large masses. Advantageously, the flexible film obtained can be wound and unrolled manually and / or mechanically. Advantageously, the invention will also find application in market segments such as: isolated sites with various applications related to transport, street furniture, outdoor (outdoor) or for parking shades for example; the one of the sites connected to the network in particular for the integration with the roofs which can not support the mass of conventional modules. Still advantageously, the film obtained by the method of the present invention allows photovoltaic production even when the incidence of light rays decreases thus improving the efficiency of the installations. Thus, to obtain a multilayer photovoltaic film having at least one prismatic layer and a photovoltaic layer, the method of the invention comprises at least one step of vacuum encapsulation of the photovoltaic layer between two flexible polymer films and a heat-melting step of said multilayers. In one embodiment, the polymeric films are copolymers selected from the group of ethylene-acrylic acid (EAA) or ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA). Alternatively, the polymeric films are nano films having an average thickness ranging from 40 to 50 micrometers. Advantageously, the heat-melting step is carried out without resin in a closed oven. Advantageously, the heat-melting step is carried out over a temperature range of between 95 ° and 180 ° centigrade.
    [0005] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic layer consists of photovoltaic cells in a plate.
    [0006] Advantageously, the photovoltaic cells are chosen from the group of mixed copper, indium, gallium, selenium (CIGS), cadmium telluride (CdTe) or selenium (CdS), organic type (OPV) type printable cells. no, or "Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell" type (DSSC, DSC).
    [0007] In a variant, the photovoltaic layer further comprises a network of electrical conductors. In another embodiment, the prismatic layer is made of a very thin transparent prismatic film having surface micro-grooves. The invention also relates to a multilayer photovoltaic film comprising at least one prismatic upper layer and a photovoltaic intermediate layer, the film being characterized in that the photovoltaic layer is encapsulated between two flexible polymer films. In one embodiment, the multilayer photovoltaic film comprises a lower layer forming a reinforcing thickness consisting of a textile mesh having a fiber angulation ranging from 0 ° to 90 °. In a variant, the lower layer further comprises a polyester or polyvinyl fluoride film.
    [0008] In another variant, the lower layer further comprises a synthetic taffeta film barely woven in polyester fibers. The invention further relates to the use of the high yield photovoltaic flexible film obtained according to the method of the invention, in particular, the use on a structure of the roof or wing type. DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Various aspects and advantages of the invention will appear in support of the description of a preferred mode of implementation of the invention, but without limitation, with reference to the figures below: FIGS. 1a and 1 b respectively show a sectional view of the structure of the high efficiency photovoltaic flexible film of the present invention according to two embodiments; Figure 2 illustrates the main steps of the encapsulation process of the invention; Figure 3 shows different structures to advantageously use the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Reference is now made to FIGS. 1a and 1b and FIG. 2. FIG. 1a shows a sectional view of a first structure of the high yield photovoltaic flexible film (100) of the present invention. invention obtained according to the method illustrated schematically in Figure 2, and Figure 1b shows a sectional view of a variant of the structure of Figure la. The film (100) is multilayered and composed mainly of a top or top layer (102) constituting the prismatic layer of the film, of a lower or lower layer (106, 107, 108 or 110) constituting a reinforcing layer and an intermediate layer (104) constituting the photovoltaic layer. The upper layer (102) consists of a very thin prismatic film having a thickness of substantially 20 to 70 micrometers. In a variant, the prismatic film may be structured with micro-surface grooves known as "riblets effect" and constituting a protective barrier. In a preferred embodiment, the prismatic film is transparent, antireflective, shockproof and very UV stable. It absorbs the energy of solar radiation and contains nano-prisms to straighten the angle of light rays. Such a film which can be a commercially available film improves the daily optimum exposure time and thus increases the efficiency of the low-layer light-absorbing photovoltaic film 15. The intermediate layer comprises a photovoltaic cell film (104). The cells can be in plate ("shingle" according to the conspicuous Anglicism) or in topping. In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic cells are chosen from the group of copper, indium, gallium, selenium (CIGS), cadmium telluride (CdTe) or selenium (CdS) type mixed type cells. organic (OPV) printable or not, or type "Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell" (DSSC, DSC). The thickness of the photovoltaic cell film is preferably from 5 to 100 micrometers. Such a film can be a commercially available film. The intermediate layer further comprises a network of electrical conductors and connectors for transporting the harvested energy. According to the variants, the electrical conductors are circuits of copper or silver paste for example. In an alternative embodiment, the network of electrical conductors comprises rechargeable batteries and a charge control device, in particular for supplying "LEDs" or "OLEDs" positioned under the multilayer film.
    [0009] As shown in FIG. 1a or 1b, the photovoltaic intermediate layer is encapsulated between two interlayer copolymers (103, 105). In a preferred embodiment, the encapsulating material consists of a copolymer selected from the group of ethylene-acrylic acid (EAA) or ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA) to allow a transparent, solid matrix bond, durable and waterproof between the various films and components of the structure (100). According to the embodiments, the inter-layers are nano films having an average thickness ranging from 40 to 50 microns.
    [0010] According to the method of the invention, the multilayers of the film structure are laminated by melting thermoplastic polymer films. The thermofusion (202, 204) is carried out under vacuum, without resin, over a temperature range of 95 ° to 180 ° centigrade.
    [0011] The lower or lower layer (106, 107, 108, 109, 110) comprises a reinforcing thickness (106) constituting a textile mesh having a fiber angulation ranging from 0 ° to 90 °. Preferably, the grid consists of fibers selected from the group of glass fibers or polyester terephthalate (PET) or aromatic polyamide (Aramid) or known carbon or poly (p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) (PBO) under the brand name Zylon®, or Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) also known as high modulus polyethylene (HMPE), or liquid crystal polymer (LCP) known as Vectran®, or still of polyolefin multi-filament type known under the trademark Innegra0, or basalt fiber. The given examples of the fibers for the reinforcing grid are not limiting and any other material making it possible to obtain a high mechanical stability can be considered. The reinforcing grid advantageously makes it possible to withstand the tensile and flutter stresses due to the wind, mainly when the film is used outdoors or when it is suitable for deformation, breakage or delamination. According to alternative embodiments, the reinforcing grid may be completed by a complementary film (108) which is laminated by melting a thermoplastic polymer film (107) during the process of obtaining the final structure (100). . Preferably, the complementary film (108) is a polyester film or a Tedlar® film particularly adapted to tropical regions, and making it possible to seal the lower part of the structure (100). In another variant embodiment such as that shown in FIG. 1b, a slightly woven synthetic taffeta (110) is added to the complementary film. Preferably, the taffeta is made of polyester fibers or Dyneema ® fibers. In a customary implementation, a straight-wire strip is stitched onto the taffeta to accommodate eyelets and install a rope that provides significant resistance to UV, impact, friction such as ragging, and tearing, while by protecting the Polyester waterproofing film located above. The two described variants of the structure of the high-efficiency photovoltaic flexible film of the invention are obtained according to an innovative method whose main steps (202, 204) are diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 2. The method thus consists in integrating and then encapsulating at least two nano films (102, 104) in a multilayer structure whose layers are laminated by melting thermoplastic polymer films. The hot melt is carried out without resin, under vacuum in a closed oven, or alternatively between two heating zones (plates, covers) in a temperature range between 95 ° and 180 ° centigrade. FIG. 3 shows examples of use of the high efficiency photovoltaic flexible film (100) of the invention as a parking shade (300), as a boat bimini (302) or as a boat bumper (304). The inventor has estimated that a shadows used to cover, for example, a parking lot of about twenty cars in staggered rows, representing approximately 400 square meters, could receive around 300 square meters of the flexible photovoltaic film of the invention, ie order of 75% of the total area. In addition, such a parking shadow of 300m2 would produce about 31.5 kW in 12 volts or 28 kW in 220volts, which corresponds substantially to the total power consumption of a 30m ship.
    [0012] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that only a few examples of use are described but are in no way limiting and that the high yield photovoltaic flexible film of the invention can be used in different isolated site environments. or connected, for many and various applications such as use on tents 25 leisure, reception or military, for clothing uses, for roofs or as flexible and flexible coatings, on inclined plane as for example on sailing from a boat to the cottage, on street furniture such as bus shelters or vehicles to name a few examples of application. Furthermore, minor variations can be introduced to the process without impacting the final structure of the photovoltaic flexible film described which provides a high yield.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A method for obtaining a multilayer photovoltaic film (100) having at least one prismatic layer (201) and a photovoltaic layer (203), the method comprising at least one step (202) of vacuum encapsulation of the photovoltaic layer between two films flexible polymers and a step (204) of thermofusion of said multilayers.
    [0002]
    The process of claim 1 wherein the polymeric films are copolymers selected from the group of ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) or ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA).
    [0003]
    3. The method of claim 1 or 2 wherein the polymeric films are nano films having an average thickness of 40 to 50 microns.
    [0004]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the heat-melting step is carried out without resin in a closed oven.
    [0005]
    5. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the heat-melting step is carried out over a temperature range between 95 ° and 180 ° centigrade.
    [0006]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the photovoltaic layer consists of photovoltaic cells in plate or topping. 3016 734 11
    [0007]
    7. The process as claimed in claim 1, in which the photovoltaic cells are chosen from the group consisting of copper, indium, gallium, selenium (CIGS) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) type mixture cells. Selenium 5 (CdS), organic type (OPV) printable or not, or type "Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell" (DSSC, DSC).
    [0008]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the photovoltaic layer further comprises an array of 10 electrical conductors.
    [0009]
    9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the prismatic layer consists of a very thin transparent prismatic film having micro-surface grooves. 15
    [0010]
    10. A multilayer photovoltaic film (100) comprising at least one prismatic upper layer (102) and a photovoltaic intermediate layer (104), the film characterized in that the photovoltaic layer is encapsulated between two flexible polymeric films.
    [0011]
    11. The multilayer photovoltaic film of claim 10 further comprising a lower layer (205) forming a reinforcing thickness consisting of a textile mesh (106) having a fiber angulation of from 0 ° to 90 °.
    [0012]
    12.The multilayer photovoltaic film according to claim 11, wherein the lower layer further comprises a complementary film (108) of polyester or polyvinyl fluoride. 30
    [0013]
    13. The multilayer photovoltaic film according to claim 12, wherein the complementary film further comprises a film (110) of synthetic taffeta just woven in polyester fibers.
    [0014]
    14. The photovoltaic film according to any one of claims 10 to 13 obtained according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
    [0015]
    15. A structure (300, 302, 304) of the roof or wing type comprising a photovoltaic film obtained according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3097591A1|2016-11-30|
    FR3016734B1|2017-09-01|
    US20160336467A1|2016-11-17|
    WO2015110356A1|2015-07-30|
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    法律状态:
    2015-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2016-10-21| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: SOLAR CLOTH SYSTEMS, FR Effective date: 20160920 |
    2017-05-11| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2017-12-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-12-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-07-06| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2022-01-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1400114A|FR3016734B1|2014-01-21|2014-01-21|HIGH-PERFORMANCE PHOTOVOLTAIC FLEXIBLE FILM, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING AND USE|FR1400114A| FR3016734B1|2014-01-21|2014-01-21|HIGH-PERFORMANCE PHOTOVOLTAIC FLEXIBLE FILM, PROCESS FOR OBTAINING AND USE|
    PCT/EP2015/050753| WO2015110356A1|2014-01-21|2015-01-16|High-efficiency flexible photovoltaic film, manufacturing process and use|
    EP15700580.2A| EP3097591A1|2014-01-21|2015-01-16|High-efficiency flexible photovoltaic film, manufacturing process and use|
    US15/112,969| US20160336467A1|2014-01-21|2015-01-16|High-efficiency flexible photovoltaic film, manufacturing process and use|
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